Symptoms, prevention and managing diabetes in dogs

Diabetes in dogs causes severe health problems in dogs. When the pet's body can't manage blood sugar levels effectively, it develops diabetes. This happens when the pancreas does not release enough insulin or the body becomes resistant to insulin function. Insulin is an important hormone that permits glucose (sugar) to be taken up by the cells for energy. In the absence of sufficient insulin, however, blood glucose remains high, resulting in a plethora of dog diseases.

According to the American Diabetes Association, diabetes is one of the most prevalent endocrine diseases in dogs and is estimated to affect 1 in 300 dogs. Diabetes in dogs and cats may occur at any age. However, diabetic dogs are usually 4 to 14 years old, and most are diagnosed at roughly 7 to 10 years old. Most diabetic cats are older than 6 years. Diabetes occurs in female dogs twice as often as in male dogs, and certain breeds of dogs and cats may be predisposed to the condition.

Early detection of diabetes in dogs depends on recognizing diabetes symptoms in dogs, which include more frequent urination and excessive drinking, growing hunger, and unexpected weight loss. This blog covers recognizing these symptoms of diabetes in dogs and explains the dietary modifications needed to manage this condition.

What are the signs of diabetes in dogs?

Recognizing diabetes in dogs as early as possible helps with effective treatment. Keep observing your dog's behavior and reactions to spot potential problems, although signs can vary from mild to severe.

• Increased Thirst and Urination: This is usually the most prominent sign of diabetes in dogs. You may observe your dog's excessive drinking out of water dishes, gulping down puddles, and even getting out of bed in the middle of the night to drink. Urination is often accompanied by thirst, which results in frequent trips out or at home due to accidents.
• Changes in Appetite and Weight: Although diabetic dogs want to eat a lot more, they lose weight because their bodies can't handle the glucose in their food. Their bodies do not process enough glucose from their food. In some instances, dogs may also reduce food intake.

1. Energy Levels and Behavior

• Lethargy and Weakness: Diabetic animals often become depressed, weak, and lose their ability to rise or move about because of a shortage of energy from glucose.
• Behavioral Changes: The symptoms affecting your dog's behavior include becoming upset or aggressive and showing unexpected stress. These changes remain subtle and do not directly link to diabetes dog.

2. Other Potential Signs

• Cloudy Eyes: High blood sugar can form cataracts inside a diabetic dog's eyes.
• Increased Susceptibility to Infections: Diabetes lowers dog's defense systems and puts them at higher risk for developing skin diseases, urinary tract infections, and dental problems.

What Causes Diabetes in Dogs?

The cause of canine diabetes is not always known, but the following factors may play a role:

• Pancreatitis: Inflammation of the pancreas can destroy cells that make insulin.
• Obesity: Obesity leads to a deterioration of insulin resistance, which makes it more difficult for insulin to be used efficiently.
• Certain medications: Some medications can interfere with insulin production or function.
• Genetic predisposition: Some breeds, such as Poodles, Dachshunds, and Miniature Schnauzers, may be more prone to developing diabetes in dog.
• Autoimmune diseases: In some cases, the immune system can attack cells that respectively secrete insulin.

Preventing Diabetes in Dogs

Although it is not possible to completely remove a dog's risk of diabetes, proactive actions can substantially reduce the risk of the condition.

1. Maintain a Healthy Weight

Obesity is a major risk factor for diabetes. Obese dogs' bodies resist the effect of insulin, the key hormone for regulating blood glucose.

• Feed a balanced diet: Select a high-quality dog food that is suitable for your dog's age, breed, and level of activity.
• Avoid overfeeding: Carefully measure out meals and avoid excessive treats.
• Encourage regular exercise: Daily walks, playtime, and games can help your dog maintain a healthy weight and stay fit.

2. Regular Veterinary Checkups

Regular veterinary checkups are important for early detection of possible diseases.

• Routine screenings: Your veterinarian conducts blood tests to track your dog's blood glucose levels and detect any associated or hidden factors that could lead to diabetes.
• Early intervention: Early detection leads to early treatment and the prevention of the worsening of severe complications.

3. Monitor Your Dog's Weight

Monitor your dogs' weight frequently so that they are keeping a healthy weight.

• Use a consistent method: Weigh the dog on the same scale and at the same time of the day.
• Address any weight changes: If you notice any significant weight gain or loss, consult your veterinarian to determine the cause and discuss appropriate adjustments to your dog's diet and exercise routine.

Managing Diabetes in Dogs

Managing diabetes in dogs requires a multifaceted approach:

• Insulin therapy: In general, insulin therapy is needed to control blood sugar levels.
• Dietary management: A special diabetic diet could be advised to control blood glucose levels.
• Regular monitoring: Frequent blood sugar checking is vital for effective insulin therapy.
• Exercise: Regular physical activity has the beneficial effect of enhanced insulin sensitivity and suppression of blood glucose production.
• Weight management: Effective diabetes management requires successful regulation of weight.

Diabetes Food for Dogs: Nutritional Considerations

Nutritional control is a key component of diabetes management in the dog. The goal of a diabetic dog's diet is to help regulate blood sugar levels, promote weight management (if needed), and provide the essential nutrients for overall health. Key Considerations for Diabetic Dog Food:

• Low Glycemic Index: Concentrate on foods with low glycemic index, gradually delivering glucose into the bloodstream. This prevents abrupt rises and falls in blood glucose levels. Find foods rich in high-quality protein sources, such as lean meats, fish, and poultry.
• High Fiber Content: High-fiber foods (e.g., vegetables and certain grains) help increase the rate of glucose absorption. Fiber also promotes healthy digestion and blood sugar control. 

Examples: Vegetables: Green beans, spinach, broccoli, carrots, sweet potatoes (in moderation). Grains: Brown rice, quinoa, oats.

• Controlled Carbohydrate Content: The body breaks down carbohydrates into glucose. A low-calorie, restricted-carbohydrate diet prevents significant increases in plasma glucose concentrations.
• Weight Management: When the dog is obese, a weight management diet is essential. Choose a diet low in calories and high in protein and fiber to help your dog maintain a healthy weight.
• Veterinary Guidance: It is essential to consult your vet about the best diet for a diabetic dog. They can advise on individual prescription diets or help select commercial or homemade diets.

Living with a Diabetic Dog

Living with a diabetic dog requires commitment and dedication. Following are some guidelines to manage your dog's condition:

• Follow your veterinarian's instructions carefully: Adhere to the prescribed insulin dosage and feeding schedule.
• Monitor your dog's blood sugar levels: This will help you assess how well your pet's blood sugar levels are managed at home.
• Provide a consistent routine: Keep a regular food intake and exercise schedule to control blood sugar levels.
• Be observant: Keep track of your dog and observe for any low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) symptoms (i.e., weakness, lethargy, seizures).
• Keep a record: Record your dog's blood sugar levels, insulin injections, and any other relevant information.

If you suspect your dog has diabetes or have other questions about its well-being, consult your vet as soon as possible.

Conclusion

Living with a diabetic dog requires commitment and dedication. By closely monitoring your dog's health, following your veterinarian's instructions, and providing a supportive environment, you can help your furry friend live a comfortable and fulfilling life despite this condition. Remember, early diagnosis and regular management are essential to managing diabetes in dogs.

For more information regarding the health and nutrition of your dog please visit the FurrMeals website today. We offer a range of high-quality dog foods and supplements to support your dog's overall well-being.